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Higher Diploma in Embedded Computing Systems (HDECS)
 

Embedded System Design

  • What is Embedded System? Why?, Characteristics of Embedded System
  • Embedded Programming environment, Applications of embedded system, Embedded Industry

Programming Concepts

  • Review of C programming and Data structures, Memory Allocations, Introduction of Embedded C, Assembly language programming

Compiler Overview

  • KEIL, MPLAB, AVR Studio

8-bit MCU 8051 / PIC / AVR

  • Design & Development process of Embedded System using MCU.
  • Architecture, I/O port handling, Registers, Special Function Registers
  • On-Chip Peripheral Simulation/debugging in real time ( ADC / UART / Timer / I/O, PWM / Interrupts).
  • Memory Interfacing, Interrupts Handling.

Development Tools

  • Introduction to C cross compiler, Compilation process and Output files creations
  • Language Extensions, Memory Models, Memory Type specifiers.
  • Optimization, Mixing C and Assembly.
  • Differences from ANSI C, Limitations of Compiler
  • Byte Ordering, Simulators, Debugging, Porting the project to target

Hardware Interfacing

  • Touch Screen, Graphical LCD Display(128x64)
  • Interfacing LED, LCD(2x16), Seven Segment Display .
  • Interfacing ADC & DAC, Stepper Motor, Relays .
  • Real Time Clock, Serial EEPROM, Serial Ethernet PS/2(Keyboard Interface)
  • Digital Temp Sensor(1-wire), Zigbee | Bluetooth | RF

Mini-Project

  • Abstract
  • Circuit construction
  • Code Development
  • Demo | Report
  • Digital Temp Sensor(1-wire), Zigbee | Bluetooth | RF

32-bit Processors ARM

  • General Introduction to the ARM architectures: supported instructions sets (ARM32, Thumb, Thumb-2),
  • conditional execution benefits, code sizes, types & alignments, pipeline, selected registers, interrupt handling
  • Registers, Modes, Exception handling, Instruction sets, Supporting technologies
  • ARM7TDMI and ARM9TDMI pipelines, Datapaths
  • Instruction decoding, AHB Protocol, AHB Connection Architectures,
  • AHB Workbook, Primecell VIC, Breakpoints and Watchpoints, Debug State, Debug Communications Channel, Application Debug, Embedded Trace Macrocell

Hardware Interfacing

  • Touch Screen, Graphical LCD Display(128x64)
  • Interfacing LED, LCD(2x16), Seven Segment Display
  • Interfacing ADC & DAC, Stepper Motor, Relays
  • Real Time Clock, Serial EEPROM, Serial Ethernet PS/2(Keyboard Interface)
  • Digital Temp Sensor(1-wire), Zigbee | Bluetooth | RF

RTOS

  • Introduction to OS, Process Management & Inter Process Communication, Memory management , I/O subsystem, File System Organization, Introduction to Real-Time /Embedded Operating Systems. Real Time Scheduling, Overview of other RTOS/EOS

Wireless

  • Protocol Design and Validation
  • Zigbee / Bluetooth
  • Wireless Sensor Networks and ZigBee
  • RFID  GSM and GPRS  / GPS

Project

  • Presentation (New Technologies)
  • Abstract
  • Circuit construction
  • Code Development
  • Demo | Report

Embedded System Design                                            

  • Introduction to Embedded system                                                                                         
    • Definition of ESD
    • Market Trends
    • Classification of ESD
    • Application of ESD
  • Embedded System Key Terminologies                                                                                 
    • Types of Semiconductor Devices
      • MCU      : MCS51 | PIC | ARM | Freescale
      • DSP        : TI | Analog Devices
      • VLSI       : FPGA, CPLD
    • Silicon Chip ( Packages)
    • Hardware Design Considerations
      • PCB | Comp selection | Assembly | Cost | Size..
  • Embedded system Development Cycle
    • Hardware Dev Cycle
      • Requirement Collection
      • Component Selection
      • Design Hardware ( Prototype)
      • Testing / Trouble Shoot
    • Software Dev Cycle
      • Requirement Collection
      • S/W Selection
      • Simulation / Debugging / Testing 
    • Integration Process
      • Requirement Collection

Compiler Overview

  • Introduction to Cross Compiler
    • What is Cross Compiler
    • KEIL Introduction
    • Demonstration

Development Tools Overview                                                

  • Introduction to Development Tools                                                                                       
    • Software Tools
      • IDE’s
      • Cross-Compiler
        • Language Extensions,
        • Memory Models, Memory Type specifiers.
        • Optimization, Mixing C and Assembly.
        • Differences from ANSI C, Limitations of Compiler
      • Simulator
      • Debugger
      • Linker | Locator
    • Hardware Tools                                                                               
      • ICE (In-circuit Emulators)
      • Debugger
      • Programmer
      • Logic Analyzer

8-Bit Controller Overview (8051)

Session 1

  • Difference B/W MCU & Processors
  • 8-bit MCU Features | Comparison
  • MCS51- Intel 8051 Architectur

Session 2

  • ATMEL | NXP | MaximDallas Features
  • PIN Diagram | Port Details
    • I/O Ports Structure & Operations
  • Memory Organization
    • CODE Memory | DATA Memory (Internal / External)
  • Registers
    • Basic registers | SFR | Acc | Data Pointer Register | PC |SP

Session 3

  • On-Chip Peripherals-1
    • Timers | Counters | Interrupts | UARTs

Session 4

  • On-Chip Peripherals & Others
  • PWM | ADC | FLASH Programming

8-Bit Controller Overview (PIC16F877)

Session 1
  • 8-bit MCU Features | Comparison
  • Microchip Architecture
  • PIN Diagram | Port Details
    • I/O Ports Structure & Operations

Session 2

  • Memory Organization
    • CODE Memory | DATA Memory (Internal / External)
  • Registers
    • Basic registers | SFR | Acc | Data Pointer Register | PC |SP

Session 3

  • On-Chip Peripherals-1
    • Timers | Counters | Interrupts | UARTs

Session 4

  • On-Chip Peripherals & Others
    • PWM | ADC | FLASH Programming

8-Bit Controller Overview (AVR)


Session 1

  • 8-bit MCU Features | Comparison
  • AVR Architecture
  • PIN Diagram | Port Details
    • I/O Ports Structure & Operations

Session 2

  • Memory Organization
    • CODE Memory | DATA Memory (Internal / External)
  • Registers
    • Basic registers | SFR | Acc | Data Pointer Register | PC |SP

Session 3

  • On-Chip Peripherals-1
    • Timers | Counters | Interrupts | UARTs

Session 4

  • On-Chip Peripherals & Others
  • PWM | ADC | FLASH Programming

Hardware Interfacing (8051/PIC/AVR)

Level - I (Brief Theory | Board Assembly | Code Development)

  • Point LED Interface ( I/O configuration)
  • UART (Serial Communication)
  • Interrupt Study
  • On-Chip ADC Study ( Temp Sensor | Potentiometer)

Level - II (Brief Theory | Board Assembly | Code Development)

  • Character LCD Interface (2x16 | 4x20)
  • Stepper Motor | DC Motor
  • Matrix Keypad Interface
  • 7-Segment Display

Level - III (Brief Theory | Board Assembly | Code Development)

  • GLCD ( 128x64) Graphic LCD Interface
  • I2C – RTC ( Real Time Clock), EEPROM ( Serial EEPROM)
  • 1-Wire ( Digital Temp Sensor)
  • Touch Screen Display Interface

Mini Project (8051/PIC/AVR)

Simple Project using 8-bit controller

  • Abstract
  • Hardware / Software Requirements
  • Hardware Assembly
  • Code Development
  • Testing | Demonstration
32-Bit Processor Introduction
  • History of ARM | ARM Overview
  • Market Trends| Applications
  • ARM Architecture Model

The Arm Architecture

Session – I                                                                                                                          

  • Overview of ARM |Block Diagram | ARM operation modes
  • ARM and Thumb Instruction Sets
  • The ARM registers set | Register organization | Program Status Registers

Session – II

  • Exception handling, vector table, automatic switch into ARM mode
  • Instruction sets : ARM branches and subroutines
  • ARM7TDMI core signals | Instruction Pipeline

Session – III

  • Example ARM7TDMI system
  • Overview of ARM9E-S, ARM10, StrongARM and Xscale

ARM Developer Suite (ADS) Overview

  • RealView Compiler Introduction
  • Create New Project | Header Files | Startup Files
  • Peripheral Simulation | Debugging | Output File Creation

ARM / Thumb Interworking

  • Switching between states
  • Branch exchange | Mixing ARM and Thumb
  • Interworking calls

ARM On-Chip Peripheral

  • GPIO(Fast/slow) | Timers | Counters | PWMs | Interrupts
  • USARTs | I2C | SPI
  • ADC | DAC | USB | Real Time Clock

Hardware Interfacing (LPc21xx)

Level - I (Brief Theory | Board Assembly | Code Development)

  • Point LED Interface ( I/O configuration)
  • UART (Serial Communication) | Interrupt Study
  • On-Chip ADC Study ( Temp Sensor | Potentiometer)

Level - II (Brief Theory | Board Assembly | Code Development)

  • Character LCD Interface (2x16 | 4x20)
  • DC Motor controlled by PWM
  • Matrix Keypad Interface
  • 7-Segment Display

Level - III (Brief Theory | Board Assembly | Code Development)

  • GLCD ( 128x64) Graphic LCD Interface
  • I2C – RTC ( Real Time Clock), EEPROM ( Serial EEPROM)

Wireless Medium

  • Introduction to Wireless Medium                                                                                          
    • Wireless Standards
      • Range of Wireless (short | Long Range)
    • Types of Wireless Technology
      • RFiD | Zigbee | Bluetooth | Wi-Fi | GSM/GPRS
      • AT Commands
    • Simple ASK | FSK wireless communication
      • RF434MHz
      • RFiD
    • Short Range communication
      • Zigbee
      • Bluetooth
    • Long Range Communication
      • GSM/GPRS Introduction

Hardware Interfacing Wireless

Level - I (Brief Theory | Board Assembly | Code Development)

  • Simple RF Wireless communication (433.92MHz)
  • RFiD ( 125KHz) with MCU

Level - II (Brief Theory | Board Assembly | Code Development)

  • Zigbee Board with MCU
  • Bluetooth Board with MCU
  • GSM/GPRS Device with MCU

Project (ARM/RTOS)

Simple Project using 8-bit controller

  • Abstract
  • Hardware / Software Requirements
  • Hardware Assembly
  • Code Development
  • Testing | Demonstration

Real Time Operating Systems

Introduction to OS

  • What is an OS?
  • Necessitate for OS
  • Issues in Communication Systems
  • Application Scenarios
  • Kernel
  • Shell

Fundamentals of Real-time theory

  • What's makes distributed, real-time, embedded multitasking systems challenging?
  • Best effort, Hard real-time, Soft real-time
  • Scheduling Class Taxonomy
  • Best Effort scheduling  (Round-Robin Time-slice Scheme )
  • Intro to Fixed priority preemptive scheduling
  • Intro to Dynamic priority scheduling
  • Utility Curves

RTOS Architecture

  • RTOS functionality
  • RTOS Characteristics
  • Layering and OS Typical Structure

Task Management

  • Tasks and tasking
  • Priority based
  • Round-Robin Based
  • Inter-task communication  and synchronization
  • Suspending and Resuming Task

Analysis and Design

  • Real-time analysis
  • Software Architectures
  • Design
  • Concurrency
  • Meeting Constraints

Synchronization

  • Critical-section
  • Semaphores
  • Monitors
  • Deadlock prevention, avoidance and detection

Real-time service system integration and I/O

  • Service Synchronization, Communication, and IO
    • Using Message Queues to Sync Services and for Communication
    • Using Binary Semaphores to Sync Services
    • IO during Service Execution
  • Overlapping CPU and IO Cycles - Latency Hiding
    • Initial Release Input - Block DMA and FIFO Sensor Data
    • Intermediate IO
    • Memory-Mapped IO During Service Processing
    • Hiding IO latency with Overlap
  • I/O systems and Interfaces
    • Pipes and I/O Drivers
    • Polled I/O
    • Interrupt Driven I/O
    • Direct Memory Access

Watchdog timers

  • Hardware Failure Recovery

Socket Programming


    Case Study (UCOSII) 

    • RTOS Concept
    • Kernel Structure
    • Scheduling and Time Management
    • Memory Management
    • Mutex, Deadlock
    • Priority Inheritance
    • Semaphore, Message Queue, Mailbox
    • Installation and RTOS Development
    • Porting of UCOS-II on PS-C51-TYRO-Kit or PS-ARM7-TYRO-2148 Kits
      • Sampling Multi-tasking through TWO LED blink tasks
      • Priority Scheduling: Three UART Tasks with OSTimeDelay
      • Plotting Room fever graphically in a GLCD
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